Final Scratch is a DJ tool created by the Dutch company N2IT with input from Richie Hawtin (aka Plastikman) and John Acquaviva that allows manipulation and playback of digital audio sources using traditional vinyl and turntables. It seeks to cross the divide between the versatility of digital audio and the tactile control of vinyl turntablism.
The Final Scratch Open Firewire Audio interface is exactly that, Open!! With the ability to use nearly any DJ software you choose, the flexibility of the Scratch Amp system is uncanny. This package is perfect for utilizing any software that does not ship with a soundcard, such as MixVibes, DeckaDance, Ableton Live, Virtual DJ, OtsDJ, PCDJ and more.
- Stanton has now opened the Final Scratch format, allowing all software companies, big and small, to take advantage of time code support. We believe that by providing this technology free of charge to developers, as well as linking its use with the ScratchAmp, FinalScratch users will now enjoy an unbelievable new realm of possibility.
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Concept[edit]
Special vinyl records pressed with a digital timecode are played on normal turntables. The timecode signal is interpreted by a computer, connected to the turntables through an interface called the ScratchAmp. The signal represents where the stylus is on the record, in which direction it is traveling, and at what speed. This information is interpreted by the computer and used to play back a digital audio file which has been 'mapped' to the turntable. In practical terms, this means that any audio file can be manipulated as though it was pressed on vinyl.
Advantages/Disadvantages[edit]
Advantages:
- Ability to play audio tracks unavailable on vinyl e.g. pre-arranged loops, unreleased music or rare tracks.
- The use of CD deck features (software permitting) such as keylock, pitch shift, looping, instant cue locating and visual indicators of audio features such as loud or quiet parts.
- The ability to prevent needle skips on the vinyl being reflected in the playback of the audio track being played/controlled (software permitting).
Disadvantages:
- Reliability; depending on the hardware/software configuration used, vinyl emulation systems may use more system resources than some laptops or PCs offer, making them unsuitable for this use.
History[edit]
The original Final Scratch concept and prototypes were developed by the Dutch company N2IT V.O.F, by Mark-Jan Bastian, with help from Tim Hemel and Bill Squire.It has passed through multiple stages of development. These stages are marked by involvement with different companies, hardware configurations, software developers, licensees and licensors, and operating systems.
Pre-release[edit]
Final Scratch was originally developed for BeOS.
Versions 1.0-1.5[edit]
All versions of Final Scratch 1 use the same Scratchamp, a USB and RCA device in a round aluminium shell. The technical specifications of this device have been closely guarded by Stanton as an anti-piracy measure, though some users, unsatisfied with the latency and instability of the system, have alleged the use of faulty Philips sound chips which had already been withdrawn from the market. However, the same chipset was being used in several other USB audio devices manufactured by companies like Griffin and Roland at that time.[citation needed]
FS 1.0 was released for PC only, on a specially modified distribution of DebianLinux. It was relatively primitive but some users found that, if configured correctly, it outperformed all subsequent versions of Final Scratch 1.x.
With version 1.1, Stanton Magnetics began working with Native Instruments on the software side of the product, which became Traktor Final Scratch. As the name suggests, this bore a resemblance to the interface of Traktor, a Native Instruments software DJing product. This version was once again available on Linux, but was also ported to Mac OS X.
The next major revision was version 1.5, which added a Windows XP version, but dropped Linux support. This version also added the ability to keep the pitch of the record constant whilst shifting the tempo. The interface changed very little, but some users initially had issues with the Windows Scratchamp drivers.
Support for the original Scratchamp has all but since disappeared and current owners, disappointed by the lack of support by Stanton, have had to rely on old versions of Traktor FS or Digiscratch.
Version 2[edit]
Version 2 marks the introduction of both a new Scratchamp hardware device and different software compatibility.
This new Scratchamp made 24-bit/96 kHz digital quality playback and record possible. Stanton added an ASIO driver, and MIDI capabilities. They also replaced the USB interface with FireWire which was intended to reduce playback latency. The new Scratchamp was developed by Alan Flum, Len Bryan, Mark DeMouy and Jim Mazur.
The version 2 Scratchamp is compatible with Native InstrumentsTraktor DJ Studio versions 2.6 and through 3.2.0.85 (Mac). NI has dropped support of SA2 in favor of their own vinyl system Traktor Scratch.
Final Scratch Open[edit]
In late 2005, Stanton and Native Instruments ended their working relationship. Stanton still markets the ScratchAmp hardware as part of Final Scratch Open, introduced in early 2007. Stanton claims that the ScratchAmp can now interact with any audio software through ASIO or WDM on Windows, and CoreAudio in Mac OS X. Although all Windows and Mac audio software is ostensibly compatible with Final Scratch Open, there is no dedicated software program for deejaying with the ScratchAmp hardware.
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Internal workings[edit]
The internal workings of Final Scratch are quite simple to understand. Multiple open source software libraries have been created to decode the Final Scratch time code. The information here comes from those libraries.
A basic Final Scratch setup consists of five pieces of equipment.
- A computer running a compatible software, usually Native Instrument's Traktor
- The ScratchAmp
- Two turntables or two CD decks made for DJing
- Two time coded vinyl records or time coded CDs
- An audio DJ mixer.
ScratchAmp[edit]
The ScratchAmp is a FireWire (FS 2, FS Open) or USB (FS 1) audio device. It has two phono/line stereo level inputs to read the timecode from the record or the CD, and two line level stereo outputs to feed into the audio DJ mixer line channels. It also has two phono stereo outputs for pass-through of the actual phono audio signal. This is useful for DJs who wish to play both digital audio tracks AND traditional vinyl; allowing them to switch between the two sources without disconnecting or re-connecting audio jacks in the middle of a DJ set.
The ScratchAmp does not store any audio on its own, it is simply a purpose built external Soundcard. It communicates with a PC—usually a laptop—over the FireWire or USB connection. The laptop uses Final Scratch compatible software (typically Traktor DJ Studio) to interpret the timecode signal from the supplied special vinyl/CD, then play back a digital audio file based on that signal, allowing traditional DJ vinyl control of MP3, WAV and Apple AAC audio files. The Laptop software then sends audio data back, over the same FireWire/USB connection to the scratch amp, which then sends an audio signal out through the line level output, for playing through a DJ Mixer or Amp.
Audio/data routing[edit]
A step by step series of events detailing how Final Scratch operates;
- Timecoded audio signal pressed onto vinyl/CD picked up by vinyl/CD turntable
- Signal routed into ScratchAmp via phono connection, then into the PC via USB or FireWire
- DJ software decodes timecode signal and determines position, speed and direction the Vinyl/CD is being played or manipulated
- DJ software plays the selected 'mapped' digital audio file synchronous to the vinyl/CD playback
- Digital audio file audio signal is sent to the Scratchamp phono connectors for connection to a DJ mixer or amp
Vinyl/CD time code[edit]
The most complex piece of the Final Scratch setup is the code pressed onto the vinyl. A 1200 hertz amplitude modulated sine wave is pressed into the left and right channels with a phase difference of 90 degrees. Each channel holds one of the two bit streams required for the time code. In one cycle of either wave form, two bits are stored: one on the positive voltage peak and one on the negative voltage valley. The relative amplitudes of these peaks represent either a binary one or zero. A relatively high amplitude on either peak represents a one, a relatively low amplitude represents a zero. In each channel is a separate bitstream, the left channel is not identical to the right (disregarding the phase difference).
The time codes themselves consist of 40 individual bits, or 20 cycles on each channel's waveform. On the right channel the bit sequence of 0, 0, 0, 1 represents the start sequence for a single time code. Those four bits along with the four corresponding bits on the left channel and the next 16 bits on each channel can be decoded as an integer position value which represents where the needle is on the record. The speed at which the record is spinning can be found by comparing the frequency of the waveform being read from the record to the true frequency of the wave form on the record at normal speed. This difference represents the change from the normal speed at which the record turns. The direction which the record is spinning at any given time can be found using the phase difference between the waves on the two channels. This procedure is the same as that used to determine the direction in which a ball mouse is moving. Because a single time code is made up of 40 consecutive bits, read errors can cause a timecode to be unreadable even if a single bit is misread. A bit that has become unreadable due to a scratch can make an entire 40 bit long time code permanently unreadable. Dust can have a similar effect on the time code. The time code implements very little error checking, an attribute strong in a number of other vinyl control systems.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- Werde, Bill (October 25, 2001), 'The D.J.'s New Mix: Digital Files and a Turntable', New York Times, retrieved 2007-08-20
External links[edit]
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FinalScratch OPEN offers you the freedom of choice, allowing you to decide which dj software application fits your performance needs, utilizing the state of the art Stanton ScratchAmp. Still the strongest feature- for- value FireWire audio interface available today, the ScratchAmp delivers maximum audio throughput with minimal latency.
OPEN Options: The World Class Stanton ScratchAmp
ScratchAmp is a generic but powerful audio interface tailored towards the inputs and outputs that a performing DJ would require when using software. Because the ScratchAmp is an ASIO / WDM device on Windows and is a class compliant CoreAudio device on the MacOS, it can work with virtually every audio application on the planet. Traditional non pro-audio applications will work with the WDM driver and CoreAudio compliancy, allowing programs such as iTunes, Windows Media Player, WinAmp, PowerDVD and games to utilize the ScratchAmp. The Asio and CoreAudio compatibility ensure that pro-audio applications such as Cubase, Project 5, Ableton Live, FL Studio, Reason and others will run flawlessly with the sound card. The interface allows you to plug in your turntables, CD players, headphones and microphone to industry-standard 24-bit/96kHz converters for studio-quality sound, perfect for utilizing any software that does not ship with a soundcard, such as MixVibes, DeckaDance, Ableton Live, Virtual DJ, OtsDJ, PCDJ and more.
A Note to Our Loyal FinalScratch DJs
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As we progress into the new year, Stanton would like to address our FinalScratch loyals, and give you a little insight as to where we re headed. Led by our original launch of the FinalScratch technology, the world of digital DJing has grown and developed immensely over recent years, and Stanton remains highly committed to this movement. Our strategy is and has always been to stay focused on releasing only the most innovative digital solutions, based on emerging technologies, and on what makes sense through the eyes of the DJ.
We will continue to support our loyal users, and over the coming year you will see a digital product strategy unfold from Stanton that gives you the tools you need to reach performance abilities you never thought possible as a DJ, allowing you to take full advantage of the digital DJ technology that we pioneered with FinalScratch.
The first step in our strategy is to introduce you to FinalScratch OPEN. Today, there are a number of feature-filled DJ softwares available that offer many ways to build your performance. We think one of the greatest advantages we offer you with FinalScratch OPEN is the freedom to choose the ones that benefit you most. The most important thing to know here is that you don t need to buy any hardware - you already have it. Your Stanton ScratchAmp is a state- of-the-art low latency FireWire 96k / 24 bit audio interface that is compatible for use with a variety of software applications, making it an ideal solution for programs that do not currently ship with a sound card, such as MixVibes, Deckadance, Ableton Live, Traktor DJ Studio, PCDJ, and the like, and providing the connections needed from turntables, cd players, and microphones.
Because the ScratchAmp is an ASIO/WDM device on Windows and is a class compliant CoreAudio device on the MacOS, it can work with virtually every audio application on the planet. The Asio and CoreAudio compatibility ensure that pro-audio applications such as Cubase, Project 5, Ableton Live, FL Studio, Reason, and others will run flawlessly with the sound card.
Stanton has now opened the Final Scratch format, allowing all software companies, big and small, to take advantage of time code support. We believe that by providing this technology free of charge to developers, as well as linking its use with the ScratchAmp, FinalScratch users will now enjoy an unbelievable new realm of possibility. FinalScratch OPEN now has the potential to become a cross software standard for vinyl control.
With FinalScratch OPEN, we are now shipping the world-class Stanton ScratchAmp as a standalone piece at an incredible value, and working with software developers to offer DJs the opportunity to choose the option thatÕs best for them. As an existing ScratchAmp owner, you can enjoy this benefit immediately. Stay tuned for the next steps
The ScratchAmp is expertly engineered, using FireWire protocol to process multi-channel audio with minimal latency, allowing the software decks to respond as quickly as your hands. A FireWire Thru port lets you connect an iPod or external hard drive. The ScratchAmp s integrated switching power supply can be powered directly off of the FireWire bus of a Mac laptop or powered externally when permanently installed or used with a PC laptop.
Thanks to its MIDI In and Out ports, the ScratchAmp is ready to connect with many of the vast MIDI controllers available for additional hands-on control. The small and rugged aluminum chassis is perfect for home use or on the road.
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Stanton hardware is not excluded from the errors and common file corruptions that any other hardware device or Windows component is susceptible to from day-to-day. As driver updates are developed, yours soon becomes out-of-date, and as errors occur and files are lost, your driver may become missing or corrupted. Sometimes an installation process simply goes wrong or an update is applied incorrectly. Whatever the cause, it s no longer working and it needs to be fixed.
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Hopefully, your device is not damaged and all that needs to be done is to simply uninstall and remove all components of the old driver and replace it with a newer or working driver. This process, while not too terribly difficult, can be tedious and time consuming especially if you have more than one device that is out-of-date.
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